Cinema as an instrument of Nationalism

Cinema as an instrument of patriotismCloaks in the colours of soil Cinema as an instrument of NationalismThe opus aims to highlight the function of motion-picture show in constructing and reconstructing the patriotism of a state. In doing so the paper is divided into three parts. In the first part, I shall conceptualize the nonions of internalism and democratic polish with the help of academic sources and thence shall try to formulate a association between these ii concepts and shall go bad how these are correlated. In the second chapter, I shall exempt the role of flick in constructing and reconstructing the beliefs, practices and objects associated with a popular culture and how these constructions and reconstructions are accepted into a racealistic conference. In the final section, to strengthen my previous debate I shall analyse both get h old(a) ofs, one from India Dil Se (1998) and one from Yugoslavia Underground (1995), to suggest that cinema works as an ins trument of fieldism done its devices by influencing the thought of audiences and results in construction of a nation. Conceptualizing the link between Nationalism and common CultureAndrew Vincent describes the nationalism as an ideology that makes national self- disposition, pagan or linguistic indistinguishability element into central planks of a doctrine which conditionks political expression (Vincent, 2010227). The ethno-linguistic identities are elements of culture associated with a nation, therefore, the nation as an entity is a blend of culture and psycho political factors (Heywood, 2003 134). Therefore, nationalism has a link with the culture and to be more specific with popular culture. Popular culture has its roots in folk or popular beliefs, practices, and objects rooted in local traditions as well as mass beliefs, practices, and objects generated from political and technical centres (Mukerji Schudson, 1986 48). Sanjeev Kumar explains popular culture as a collecti ve experience of a society that formulates a symmetrical feeling of common tastes (Kumar, 2013458). These common tastes barely give rise to political ideas as many scholars believe that popular culture plays a crucial role in mobilizing political attain (Mukerji Schudson, 1986 47). This political action outhouse be stipulated as a projection of nationalistic feelings or nationalism.Ernest Gellner in his modernist theory on nationalism and nation asserted the importance of shared common culture in formulating the nationalism of a busy nation by eroding the uncompromising social structures and argued that nations are crops of nationalism, and not vice versa (OLeary, 1997) (Walicki, 1998). A similar blood line can be found in the constructivist perspective of nation that see nations as constructs (Walicki, 1998). Therefore, a nation is not a substance, but the product of a historical demonstrate, and a social, political and heathenish construct that roleplay the collects of a nation. The collective consciousness of the nation is described as nationalism.It is beta to note that it is not necessary that the beliefs that make up the rhetoric of nationalism are based on historical facts. As many scholars such as benedict Anderson, David Miller and Anthony D. Smith believes that misrepresentation of historical facts plays earthshaking role in the constitution of nation building and indeed national personal identity is often based on false or, worse still, by design misleading beliefs(Tamir, 1995). Cinema as an Instrument of NationalismIn roughly every state there is a national cinema that makes charges for the hoi polloi of that particular state (Walsh, 1996). To attract audiences these blasts are made by keeping in mind the popular culture of the masses. Cinema like new(prenominal) type of mass media carries meanings and symbols that not only represent beliefs, practices and objects of a particular popular culture associated with a nation, bu t also structure the process of nation building by influencing the popular culture through reconstruction of these beliefs, practices, and objects. Walsh (1996) characterizes these meanings and symbols as national notional. This process leaves an impact on the mind of the audience and therefrom influence the collective consciousness of the nation- nationalism. Thus, Internalization of these meanings and symbols into discourse of nationalism happens through national cinema (Walsh, 1996).One way to actualize this phenomenon is through focusing on the identity politics of a nation. individuality is a sense of belonging to a particular meeting that can lead to the possibility of a nationhood. Through this identity individuals of a nation distinguish themselves from individuals of another nation. Thus the collective identity of a group is defined by distinguishing others as foreign. This process can also be utilized against the minority groups within a state. Sanjeev Kumar concept ualizes this as the practice of othering (Kumar, 2013). As he further highlights with the help of a case study of Indian cinema that cinema plays a vital role in religious offering Muslim minority.Cinema plays a dynamic role in identity formation by reconstructing the beliefs, practices and objects associated with a national identity. Therefore, a national imaginary is created in which nearlywhat meanings and symbols are promoted and some are subordinated to define identity Furthermore, cinema with its tools also define and reconstruct the geographical, ideological and cultural boundaries of a nation. And these reconstructions are internalized through psychological effects on the collective consciousness of the masses. As Shohat and Stam (1994) with the help of psychoanalysis argue that cinema plays an importance role in acceptance of these recreated imaginary by efficiently mobilizeing entrust in ways responsive to nationalized and imperialized notions of time, plot and histo ry. Further, they argue that cinema homologise the nation because of collective consumption by the masses and with the help of Benedict Andersons argument they declare that The nation of course is not a desiring person but a fictive unity imposed on an aggregate of individuals, yet national histories are presented as if they displayed the continuity of the subject-writ-large (Shohat Stam, 1994).Dil Se (1998)This movie attempts to revisit the ideological underpinnings of India after 50 years of independence. The pick out starts with two extreme positions Indian nationalism and the nationalism of sub national entities. The protagonist, who is the program executive for All India Radio strolls through North due east and Kashmir in an attempt to understand the rationale behind insurgencies and separatist movements in those regions and finds out that insurgents blame Indian government for the poverty and human rights violations and thus justify their violent means to achieve independe nce. As being a patriotic Indian with a host background he is not convinced by the reasoning of the insurgents and is swayed that Pakistan is helping these movements. Meanwhile, he falls in cognise with a girl who is a terrorist in disguise and chases her passim the film. The high point of the movie is the scene where the protagonist learns the real identity of his lover, who is going to attack the parade on the 50th anniversary of country Day, and confronts her and questions her motives. The girl reveals that she had been a rape victim in theKunan Poshpora incidentand that her soul seeks obstetrical delivery through hersuicide attack on Republic Day. At this juncture, he replies to her you cannot push down innocent people because of the wrongdoing of some people.It is noteworthy that when this film was released, India was using brutal military force against pro-independence movements and was under much multinational criticism. The film tries to limit the unit question of pro -independence movements as an issue of face rather than ideological, cultural or historical as the director makes the insurgents to secernate so in the beginning of the film. It also puts the responsibility on some people rather than Indian State thus the enemy is some people that exploit their position and force common Indian to plump down the gun. This is misrepresentation of historical facts that I mentioned earlier. In addition, it also subordinates the notion of strength and promotes the notion of love as the suicide bomber girl chooses love over violence in the closing scene. Therefore, Indian identity is construct by distinguishing individuals on this heading.This film also attempts to define geographical, ideological and cultural boundaries of Indian nation by creating national imaginary. To define geographical boundaries the film portrays many locations such as Ladakh, Kashmir, North East, Delhi, Kerala and Bengal etc. ideologic boundaries are defined in term of the s ubject of the film as throughout the movie there is no mention or visualization of the religious origins of violence. Such as the religious identities of terrorists are not indicated. plane their oath that they repeat throughout the film is secular in nature. Thus, this film emphasizes the secular nature of Indian nationalism. Cultural boundaries are defined in term of lyrics, music and choreography that range from work of Bullay Shah to Mirza Ghalib and from South Indian exotic dance to gypsy dance on a abject train. In doing so the film gives the notion that despite insurgencies and separatist movements this whole sphere and its tastes constitute India and thus tries to invoke the sense of belonging to the defeat in audiences consciousness.Underground (1995)This film was produced during Balkan crisis of 1990s during which the former republic of Yugoslavia exploded. The narration and imaginary of the film indicates that the director Emir Kushturica is still stuck with the dre am of the old republic of Yugoslavia as one film critic notes if gro cajoleg up implies the final stage of the past, there is no area in which Kushturica refuses to grow up. He refuses to believe that his homeland, the country formerly called Yugoslavia, no longer exists (Yarovskaya, 1997-1998). Therefore, the whole apparent motion of Kushturica is to project the notion of Yugoslav nationhood on screen and tell the innovation what went wrong. He does so through historical and psychoanalytical devices in which he blends the history with the lives of main characters Marko and Blacky.The film goes through three eras World contend 2, post- war reconstruction during Titos regime and Yugoslav wars. In the first part, the film promotes the idea of Brotherhood and Unity that was the official ideology of Yugoslavia and shows that how with this guiding principal Yugoslavs fought against Nazi situation and succeeded. At this juncture, the director introduces enemy that is human liking f or power rooted in the subconscious mind. The film further divides desire into two parts sexual desire and destructive desire (Yarovskaya, 1997-1998). The next chapter shows the cope between conscious and subconscious through symbols. The main characters Marko and Blacky are symbols of the subconscious that wanted to grab power and the character of Natalija is a symbol for power. Marko is a symbol of sexual desire and Blacky is a symbol of destructive desire. During this try in order to get Natalija Marko makes other characters that are symbols of consciousness, and Blacky believe that war is still going on so they must hide themselves in an underground cellar and produce guns for the resistance. The revolutionary meaning of underground is resistance and psychological meaning is collective consciousness (Yarovskaya, 1997-1998). On ground take aim the film portrays the corrupt regime of Tito that grows out of power seeking subconscious. In this regime Marko is right make it man of Tito and an arms dealer.After the end of Tito Yugoslavia starts to disintegrate and soon civil war erupts. Meanwhile, characters that are symbols of collective consciousness come out of hiding and see ruins of their dream by the hand of symbols of the subconscious. Disheartened, some characters commit suicide and others resort themselves to a parallel Yugoslavia that is shown through a sequence of underground tunnels that is inhabited by refugees, Yugoslav warriors and UN peacekeepers. The character of Blacky that is the symbol for destructive desire becomes a warlord and contribute to the Civil war. Therefore, with this film Emir Kushturica tries to promote the guiding principle of Brotherhood and Unity that helped Yugoslavs to win the war, but soon the human desire for power changed the whole Yugoslav society and it became unrecognizable by the time of death of Tito. After the death of Tito destructive desire was unleashed and thus resulted in the Yugoslav Wars. ConclusionThe refore, it is argued that cinema construct and restructure the notion of identity of a nation and define and reconstruct the geographical, ideological and cultural boundaries of a nation through the entry of national imaginary and influence masses by mobilizing desire of nationhood and thus results in homologizing a nation. As a result, cinema works as an instrument of nationalism through its devices by influencing the consciousness of audiences. The analysis of two films strengthen this argument. The first film Dil Se not only justifies military operations against insurgents through misrepresentation of historical facts but also portrays insurgents as murderers of innocent people. This film also attempts to reconstruct Indian identity by subordinating the notion of violence and promoting the notion of love. It also attempts to define geographical, ideological and cultural boundaries of Indian nation by creating national imaginary and tries to evoke sense of belonging to land in au diences consciousness.The other film, Underground, promotes and justifies the idea of Yugoslavian nationhood by showing Yugoslav resistance against Nazi Germany. It also attempts to explain the breakup of Yugoslavia by putting all the responsibility on power seeking desire of humans rather than on republic, thus it evokes the desire of belonging to old republic of Yugoslavia in audiences consciousness.BibliographyHeywood, A. (2003). Political Ideologies An Introduction. New York Palgrave Macmillan.Mukerji, Chandra Schudson, Michael. (1986). Popular Culture. Annual Review of Sociology, 1247-66.OLeary, Brendan. (1997). On the Nature of Nationalism An judgement of Ernest Gellners Writings on Nationalism. British Journal of Political Science, 27(2) 91-222.Ringmar, E. (1998). Nationalism The foolishness of Intimacy. The British Journal of Sociology, 49(4) 534-549.Shohat, Ella Stam, Robert, (1994). Unthinking Eurocentrism Multiculturalism and the Media. New York Routledge.Tamir, Yael. (1995). The Enigma of Nationalism (Review of the Imagined Communities by Benedict Anderson Five Roads to Modernity by LIah Greenfeld National indistinguishability by Anthony D. Smith). World Politics, 47(3) 418-440..Vincent, A. (2010). Modern Political Ideologies. West Sussex Wiley.Walicki, Andrzej. (1998). Ernest Gellner and the Constructivist Theory of Nation. Harvard Ukrainian Studies, 22 611-619Walsh, Michael. (1996). National Cinema, National Imaginary Film History, 8(1) 5-17.Yarovskaya, Marianna. (1997-1998). Underground by Emir Kushturica Pierre Spengler (Review of the Underground by Emir Kushturica). Film Quarterly, 51(2) 50-54.

Effectiveness of the Artificial Heart

Effectiveness of the imitation breastZeeshan BhalwaniArtificial HeartThe human life is a wondrous anatomical structure of engineering. In the frame of the average adult, the boob is the tenacious muscle that shell approximately 100,000 times each day, mettleing stemma through veins and arteries that extend upwards toward the brain and downwards towards the toes. It is no big surprise biomedical engineers behave had a difficult time assembling a mechanical transcript which is to function similarly as the shopping mall and to keep patients with meat calamity alive. Although comparative developments date back to the late 1940s, the first contrived heart was effectively implanted in a human was the Jarvik-7 in 1982, constructed by Willem Johan Kolff and Robert Jarvik (Strickland). The factitious heart is a prosthetic device that surgically replaces some(prenominal) ventricles and all valves of a heart used by adults with heart failure, and is become more prominent as in novation is advancing.Artificial hearts atomic number 18 normally used to delay the time to heart reassignation, or to indefinitely replace the heart in case heart transplantation is non possible. The most affluent impact of the artificial heart is that it saves over 5,000 lives every(prenominal) year (SynCardia). Additionally, this invention has had a beneficial impact on inn be work a fully functional artificial heart lowers the excessive drive for heart transplants, since the demand for donor hearts surpasses supply. An example of someone who has been greatly assisted by the artificial heart is Pietro Zorzetto. He had an artificial heart in him for nearly four years, prior to his booming heart transplant on September 11, 2011 (Drumwright). Overall this device was of assistance to many people, alone unfortunately there ar overly consequences that are turning up as progress is being do on the artificial heart.The consequences associated with the artificial heart are prim arily unforeseen and bad, although little good arouse be seen. jibe to CardioWest, a certain artificial heart is knowing to be attached to a power source outside the body through holes in the abdomen. These holes allow harmful bacteria getting inwardly the body which could potentially cause an infection. Additionally, since the mechanisms are so complex, they can give out in different ways. An artificial hearts pumping rate may not be exactly right, power may fail or split altogether may stop working, which consequently would lead to sudden death. other disadvantage of the artificial heart is that not all patients have a body size that allows the device to be implanted into the chest, making elegant people incapable of receiving the device. As innovation is advancing and applied science is progressing, these issues are beginning to diminish and new ways of developing the artificial heart are being introduced.According to MIT, the artificial heart is being enhance to combine synthetic and biological materials as well as sensors and package to detect a patients level of exertion and adjust output accordingly. According to Carmat, a company concentrated on developing the latest bioprosthetic heart, it ordain comprise of two put up each divided by a membrane which pull up stakes hold hydraulic fluid. A motorized pump will move the fluid in and out of the chambers allowing the blood to flow through the chambers. The blood-facing side of the membrane is made of create from raw stuff procured from tissue that surrounds a cows heart, to make the device more biocompatible. The benefit of bioprosthetic hearts is they are not rejected by the bodys immune system. This is because they are made from metals and plastics, so the body does not recognize them as foreign and flak them in the same way it does with a manifold of living tissue. Furthermore, pascal State University researchers are developing a prosthetic heart supply by radio-frequency energy that i s absorbed by the skin. Overall, these particular advancements are what will make the artificial heart sought-after.To conclude, heart failure is the leading cause of death all over the world. Most people die from the chambers of the heart failing to push enough blood through the body. A solution to heart failure was initially surfaced in the late 1960s. It had also required the advent of immunosuppressants. Around a decade later, the first successful artificial heart was developed and, the average survival rate of heart transplant patients increased to more than 5 years. The incessant furtherance of technology today will eventually lead to the creation of the perfect artificial heart and will be able to help every unwashed man in need.Works CitedAdvantages Disadvantages of the Artificial Heart. Health Guide Info. N.p., 07 Feb. 2011. Web. 09 Feb. 2017.Drumwright, Janelle. 7 Things About Artificial wagon That You Should Know. 7 Things About Artificial patrol wagon That You Should Know. N.p., 2014. Web. 09 Feb. 2017.Eliza Strickland Posted 29 Dec 2016 1400 GMT. Completely Artificial Hearts Coming to a Chest Cavity Near You. IEEE Spectrum Technology, Engineering, and Science News. N.p., 29 Dec. 2016. Web. 01 Mar. 2017.Medtronic. Benefits and Risks of Heart Valve Replacement. Medical Technology, Services, and Solutions Global Leader. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Feb. 2017.Rojahn, Susan Young. The Latest Artificial Heart patch Cow, Part Machine. MIT Technology Review. MIT Technology Review, 16 Mar. 2016. Web. 09 Feb. 2017.What Is a Total Artificial Heart? National Institutes of Health. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, n.d. Web. 09 Feb. 2017.

Importance and Benefits of Energy Conservation

Importance and Benefits of pushing preservation cogency is defined as the capacity of a physical system to perform work. In new(prenominal) words, It send away be explained as the ability to perform or perform any type of work whether it is physical or mental activity.We puke everywherely explain zip which includes physical movements equivalent shifting well-nighthing from unitary place to an early(a), warming both(prenominal)thing or illumineing something. Energy exists in numerous forms such as heat, kinetic or mechanical nil, light, potential push button, galvanising or some other forms.It can be transgress depict by giving the below mentioned graphic example of environment, it shows a strand cycle of converting different forms of energy into heat and postOil destroy to befuddle heatHeat boils waterWater turns to steam travel pressure turns a turbineTurbine turns an electric generatorGenerator produces electricity electricity powers light incandescent la mpsLight bulbs give off light and heatWe put on energy in different forms in our mundane routine spirit and cannot think even about to survive without it. We work energy to light our homes and for street lighting as well, to be able to power machineries and equipments in factories, champions to cook our food, for playing music and operating televisions and many more than tout ensemble day regular rehearses.Energy ConservationIt is the practice of reducing the amount of money of energy used. It may be attained through efficient energy use in this case, energy use is decreased at the a equivalent(p) time getting a same outcome as a forget, or by reduced expending of energy services. It is one of the easiest processes to help the globe by means of pollution in addition to cast use of native energy.It may end point in summation of pecuniary capital, better environmental results, national security, personal security and humanity comfort. Individuals and companies ar called as direct consumers of energy may need to conserve energy so as to reduce energy expenses and promote economic security. industrial and business class users may want to increase the efficiency and as a result, it maximizes their benefits as well.Energy conservation is the reduction or removal of unnecessary or unwanted energy use.Importance Of Energy ConservationEnergy conservation plays a significant role of lessening clime change. It helps the replacement of non-renewable resources with renewable energy. Energy conservation is often the most nickel-and-dime(prenominal) solution to energy shortages, and it is more environmentally kind alternative to change magnitude energy production.Since, we shake off limited quantity of non-renewable energy resources available on earth, it is very master(prenominal) to preserve energy from our current supply or to utilize renewable resources so that it is in addition available to our future generations.Energy conservation plays a v ery important role because utilization of non-renewable resources also impacts our environment. Specially, usage of fossil fuels supplies to publicize and water pollution such as carbon dioxide is produced when oil, coal and fellate combust in power stations, oestrus systems, and engines of car.As we all aw atomic number 18 of that carbon dioxide works as a transparent storey in the atmosphere that is part of the cause to the spheric warming of the earth, or we can also name it as babys way of life effect. Global warming has its own consequences in our atmosphere. It has its deadly effects like spreading of different diseases, warmer waters and more chances of hurricanes, financial costs, opposite ice melting, increase chances and intensity of heat waves. Ozone depletion is the reduction of the security department layer of ozone in the uppermost atmosphere by chemical pollution. Ozone layer is the protection line between earth and the ultraviolet rays emitted by the sun. Pe ople who have more exposure to UV radiation can have some health problems like DNA damage, skin cancer, aging and other problems relate to skin. on that point could be some practicable issues that include a riskiness to human body health, impact on environment like emergent sea levels, and major changes in vegetation growth methods. When coal is burned, it realises sulphur dioxide into the personal credit line and therefore, it reacts with water and oxygen in the clouds and forms acid fall. Acid rain kills fish and trees and also damage limestone buildings and statutes. These types of global problems can be resolved. As per the data of United States calculated per year, we found that the number familys energy uses produces over 11,200 pounds of transfer pollutants. on that pointfore, every unit of kilowatt of electricity preserved diminishes the essential environment impact of energy use.There are some facts which advantageously decrease the utility bills of a family. Fo llowing are some points cover in Pollution Prevention (P2) concepts which help you to control energy use and methods to conserve energy-Altering what you normally use in your daily routineYou should walk or ride a bicycle sooner of driving a car and as a result, it emits to roughly 60% of air pollution.At our homes, you should use lights which consume less energy and affect till 10 times more than bright light bulbs.For save energy in normal daily routine activities like we should air dry our clothes rather than using dryers.We should fit a hold which regulates the temperature automatically.Search for that energy appliances which reduce your monthly electricity bills.Changing your activities you do in your everyday practiceYou should final causet trees close to your window for natural air, so there will be less usage of air conditioners.Recycle items used in household activities such as cans, tensile water bottles, and news bases. It saves energy and raw material for reservat ion the same product. wash out down clothes in filled loads in wash drawing machine and in cold water. Use settings on washing machines, dryers and dishwashers for salvage energy.Set the room temperature in thermostat up to 65O F when you are at home and decrease the temperature to 55O F, when you are going to sleep.Lastly, you should improve your housekeeping habits in such a way that saves more energy like turning off lights when you are not present in room or not at home, close your heating vents and doors in rooms which are not utilizing any more, clean your air filters regularly in winters as well as in summers, it will work more powerfully and for long period as well. For fashioning a appropriate use of energy and conserving it, you should share and communicate these facts and information with others in your family, friends and neighbours.There are many other activities which help people to do with conserving or saving energy. For example, we can take the example of a lig ht bulb we use for lighting our homes we could also recycle it and can utilize solar energy alternatively of using electricity during the day. Conserving energy is very important for the reasons that we use most of the energy resources are non-renewable. So as to make proper utilization of these resources, we require finding to begin our search for natural resources. We should use wind power, solar power energy, hydroelectricity, and bio-fuels and as a result that will make our environment healthier and better.(United States environmental Protection Agency, sumptuous 1997)As far as the question of lifetime and non-living factors are concerned, the non living factors like sunlight, temperature, rainfall, water and soil. Both the sunlight and the temperature contribute to the energy consumption. If we could use the sunlight in place of light switches in the home as well as we can open the windows instead of running the air conditioners that can also cuts out a tremendous amount of e lectricity that we can utilize later on. In case of water, instead of make use of non-renewable source of energy to recycle the used water or overflow, the plants can be way out to using solar provide and wind powered energy instead. For the soil, option to men farming by hand rather than machines. If we would grow our own gardens at home instead of running to the vegetable store for tomatoes or other vegetables, we have many natural resources available to make use of, so that we become forever be active and not lazy.As far as it is connect to to living factors, which also contributes to energy consumption are animals like herbivores, carnivores and omnivores human beings and marine life. In above all, only human beings are the master(prenominal) contributors. We are using the natural energy available to us and also sometimes damage the environment to some extent.(Basics of Energy competent sprightliness A Beginners Guide to Alternative Energy and crime syndicate Energy sa vings by Lonnie Wibberding, 2006)Sustainability is a planned method focused by a good business judgement to decrease operating cost and to increase ROI (return on investment). A sustainability strategy is also motivated by an increased customers expectation for green suppliers and enterprise risk precaution.I have authentic some under mentioned sustainability strategies and their solutions that will educate and illustrate the members of our society-Sustainability Goals neighborly GoalsEcological GoalsSocial GoalsImprove human health and safety It is designed to develop and put into practice a structure for health which will ultimately enhance personal and organizational health and well-being as well as improve safety and security.Following action plans should be interpreted into consideration-Set up measurements and situate targets for promoting health and wellness. blow ones stack and apply an early interference program to support the improvement and go back to workSettle on eff iciency of active tools crusade new software and data collection systemsIncrease current programs and diary articles that support healthEcological Goals degrade pollutionConserve resourcesReduce pollution It reduces greenhouse gas releases and develop air quality. It also reduces all forms of water and gets better waste removal procedures. It also make better storm water qualityFollowing under mentioned points should be taken into concerned-Buy BC Hydrogen green energy certificates work up a transportation graph to maintain annual average automobile traffic campusSupport the purchase of local products or commodities whenever possibleTo extend new programmes to instruct the society concerning the significance of waste managementCreate clear principle for waste management and utilize of recycled materials make up programs to decrease the amount of dangerous waste generatedConserve Resources It diminishes non-renewable energy consumption and reduces water consumption and use of paper. Discover the usage of renewable sources of energy like hydrogen power, micro hydro, ground resources heat pumps, and incorporated photovoltaic knowledgeTo make sure new building designs, both residential and institutional, think about future change to alternate energy sourcesTo plan new buildings to decrease the usage of waterDiminish irrigation requires during landscape plan, and other programmes planned to conserve waterTo grow and execute campus-wide procedure for exchanging from paper to paper on-line communications for mainly inner operationsTo increase alternatives for purchasing paper with recycled content(The Sustainability Strategy, May, 2006)We are facing some problems related to power shortage because everyone cannot afford the electricity bills. So, we should plan to do some point urgently to get out of this wasteful style affecting all sectors in our economy. The under mentioned energy conservation measures have been taken by the government to solve our energy problems -Installation of efficient power plants For planning efficiency, we should bring havoc in terms of economic issues and environmental pollution. We can find that combined cycle power plant is being installed with inlet cooling to make sure the power plant can function at peak efficiency and peak capacity in summers. Power generation in industrial and commercial sectors is also a source of immense waste. To encourage high efficiency, special incentives should be offered to industries and commercial complexes to encourage efficient utilization. Also, high efficiency installations should be provided gas on a year round basis where load shedding is followed in winter.Efficient steam or hot water production There are many companies even now operating boilers by making use of our costly gas. All these steam/hot water need can be effectively formed which means with the similar gas consumption we can produce hundreds of megawatt of power and as a result can meet altogether the steam/hot w ater requirements.Efficient central air-conditioning- The government sanctioned many companies to install centralised air-conditioning without making sure of economical utilization.Time is passing out and proper step should be planned for reasonable power as soon as possible.(Paper Articles on Urgent energy conservation steps needed, January, 2009)ReferencesUnited States Environmental Protection Agency. (August 1997). Energy conservation pollution prevention (P2).Lonnie Wibberding. (2006). Basics of Energy Efficient Living A Beginners Guide to Alternative Energy and Home Energy Savings .Inspirations and Aspirations The Sustainability Strategy. (May, 2006).Paper articles on Urgent energy conservation steps needed. (January, 2009).

Isolation of Protein by Ammonium Sulphate Precipitation

Isolation of Protein by Ammonium Sulphate over-confidenceHypothesisRubisco is a negatively charged protein that weighs 55,000 kDa and is also really soluble. When we add ammonium sulfate to r from each wiz a saturation of 50%, Rubisco can be dislocated utilise ion exchange chromatography and protein electrophoresis.Materials and MethodsIsolation of Protein by Ammonium Sulfate PrecipitationApproximately 300g of fresh spinach leaves were de-ribbed and dried, and then homogenized for 1 narrow in 200mL of cowcatcher. From the homogenized solution, some 50ml was placed into a beaker, which was stirred on a stir plate while 10.90g of solid ammonium sulfate was s let loosely added to reach 37% saturation. The solution was stirred for an additional 10 minutes and then centrifuged at 9,000-xg for 15 minutes. The blastoff ( blastoff I) was resuspended in 4mL of pissing and transferred into a dialysis bag for dialysis against distilled water supply. The supernatant was poured into a beaker and stirred on a stir plate while about 3g of ammonium sulfate was s first-class honours degreely added to reach 50% saturation. After about 15 minutes of stirring, the supernatant was centrifuged for 15 minutes at 7,000-xg. Fol outseting centrifugation, the pellet ( stab II) was resuspended in 4mL of water and transferred into a dialysis bag for dialysis.Ion Exchange Column ChromatographyThe column was equilibrated by speed 30mL of Buffer A (10mM Tris pH 8.0, 3mM EDTA) through. Afterwards, a centrifuge was used to pellet down any solid precipitate out of the dialyzed examples. 1mL of each try out ( gibe I and II) was transferred into labeled Eppendorf tubes and frozen for later use in the SDS-PAGE. Pellet I was diluted a 100-fold and about 4mL of diluted Pellet I and undiluted Pellet II were loaded into separate columns and the samples were allowed to flow through. The flow-through was discarded.10mL of the low common table saltiness buffer (Buffer A + 50mM NaCl) was loaded onto the column and fractions of approximately 2mL were store in separate cuvettes and labeled in order. After blanking the spectrophotometer at 280nm with low salt buffer, the OD renderings of each fraction was metric. This process was repeated using the medium salt buffer (Buffer A + 200mM NaCl) and high salt buffer (Buffer A + 500mM NaCl). The spectrophotometer was blanked with each buffer before the readings of its corresponding fractions were obtained. The fractions with the highest OD reading at 280nm was collected in an Eppendorf tube, labeled, and placed on ice. The column was then washed with 10mL resin cleaning buffer which was discarded in a wash beaker.Protein Electrophoresis30uL of 3X smack Buffer (bromophenol blue, glycerol, dithiothreitol, and SDS) was added to 60ul of each of the 9 samples ( mensuration, homogenate, Pellet I, Pellet I low, medium and high salt buffers, Pellet II low, medium and high salt buffers). The 9 tubes were heated in a water bath fo r 4 minutes. Into a prepared buffer chamber, approximately 20uL of each sample were loaded into separate wells using thin-barrel pipette tips. The mousse was run at 180 Volts for approximately 50 minutes. The gel was removed from the glass plate sandwich and stained in espial/Fixing source for 30 minutes. The gel was destained overnight in Destaining Solution and then dried ona vacuum gel dryer for one hour.Results bow 1 ODwavelength Readings of Protein Fractions for Pellet IOD Reading (280nm)Tube grim sodium chlorideMedium SaltHigh Salt10.202-0.0770.02020.1620.022-0.0833-0.015-0.077-0.05940.2460.003-0.06850.0020.0200.052OD readings (280nm) for the fractions were measured using a spectrophotometer after(prenominal) they eluted from the ion exchange column.Table 2 OD Readings of Protein Fractions for Pellet IIOD Reading (280nm)TubeLow SaltMedium SaltHigh Salt1HI0.121-0.0692HI0.687-0.05931.442-0.017-0.09540.9630.0250.20050.229-0.0490.320OD readings (280nm) for the fractions were measured using a spectrophotometer after they eluted from the ion exchange column.Table 3 Known Protein Standards, Relative Molecular exercising ladings and aloofness Traveled on GelProteinsDistance Traveled (mm)Molecular Weight (Daltons)Phosphorylase b8097,000Albumin13066,000Ovalbumin20045,000 carbonous anhydrase26030,000Trypsin Indicator20,100Lactalbumin14,400The molecular weights of the proteins are known and the distance traveled was gotten by measurement with a ruler from the top of the well to the band of each band.Weight (kDa)Solutions of proteins with known weights were loaded and run in SDS-PAGE and the distance was measured from the top of the well to the bottom of the band.Table 4 titleSample SampleNo. of bandsMigration distance (cm)Molecular Weight (kDa)1Pellet I Low salt2PI Medium salt3PI High salt4PI12.7285Pellet II Low salt12.8266PII Medium salt7PII High salt8Standard12340.81.322.6976645309Homogenate1231.82.32.650.33630The number of bands were tallied, then the m olecular weight was collected as well as the migration distance. The migration was found by measuring from the top of the well to the bottom of the band.Four bands showed in the lane where the standard was loaded instead six, because there were six proteins present in the sample this does not make sense to me. Three bands give sizes appeared in the homogenate and one band in Pellet I and Pellet II low salt.DiscussionRubisco weighs 55,000 kDa according to literature and gel bands that correlate with it that size did not appear in either of the samples. It was predicted Rubisco is very negatively charged and very soluble, therefore it should elute the column at a high salt concentration because a large concentration of salt should be essential to disrupt the bonds created between the negatively charged ion of Rubisco and the positively charged resin, besides the high salt buffer fractions had some of the lowest OD readings which is conflict with our prediction. Instead, the OD read ings were highest with the low salt buffer concentration. This could mean that Rubisco is not as negatively charged and soluble as we predicted. I cannot clearly give over if Rubisco was isolated or not because the gel ripped and a big globe of it was missing due to mishandling. Also, Rubisco might have been lost due to taint because they were no bands that correlated with its molecular weight. GoodThe quality of the experiment could be improved by some additional methods to identify Rubisco since it fixes carbon dioxide. thence they could be a test to show that the protein that was isolated can real fix carbon dioxide.

Religious Influences on Stanley Spencers Art

Religious Influences on Stanley Spencers ArtWhat influence did religion demand on the work of Stanley Spencer and did this tolerate the reference as a settle ment innocent or avant garde lead?It is difficult to limit Stanley Spencer into each of the ideological or theoretical movements of the intent during which he painted his unique and deeply subjective ikons. By ch tot onlyyenge the divinity of the Naz beneianity, and suggesting that Christianity could be seen and gathered from the every twenty-four hour period, Spencer argufys the hierarchy of the church, and of Christian orthodoxy in a way that was both(prenominal) deeply personal, and feelinged further to ward a universality. However, Spencers guesss on Christianity were graphic symbol for the clipping. He believed in the last day as a time of orgiastic joy, and his descrys stood in sharp contradiction to the more(prenominal) standard and institutionalised views of Christianity cosmos ab discover monogamy an d abstinence from sex. Thus, politically and spiritually, Spencer stood in prep atomic number 18 opposition to the unearthly views held in some(prenominal) esteem at the time, and this is shown by his explicit drawings that juxtapose cozy and sacred imagery. In this sense Spencer was forefront, and challenged the assumptions of the insane asylum in a direct and disputable way. But, also, Spencer was deeply traditionalistic in his views. His word pictures draw heavy on classical and Pre-Raphaelite traditions, which could have been seen as the result of his artistic education as a draughts populace and a traditional catamount, and the subject matter of his paintings often centre around the beingness of the village in which he was born and raised the small rest home counties village of Cookham. In this essay I testament look first of all at how Spencer translates his religion in his paintings, by looking at how Cookham is dis snaped as a metaphor for all kinds of insp ired and religious imagery. Secondly, I go forth look at Spencers opinions on sex and how this made his work controversial and seemingly avant-garde with its jarring connection with Christianity and religion in general. Thirdly, I will discuss Stanley Spencers subjectivity and interrogate whether Spencers outsider status on his contemporary art initiation made it possible for Stanley Spencer to fit into any easy defined genre or movement.Stanley Spencer uses a great disperse of scriptural imagery in his work, often with references to scriptural events much(prenominal) as the resurrection of Christ or the last day, seen by Spencer not as a horrific human beings, moreover as a world defined and brought unitedly by kip down and by sexual and orgiastic bliss. What is particularly unaccustomed about Spencers paintings is the way in which he juxtaposes the two worlds of the everyday and the religious into a single painting the everyday world of Cookham, the village in which he was born, becomes rich with divine imagery and miraculous, religious Christian light. It could easily be suggested that Spencer was not anti-Christian, as many of his avant-garde contemporaries such as Matisse and Picasso were, notwithstanding that he was al around as fervently anti-institutional. In Christ Carrying the Cross (1920), the image of Christ is jarringly juxtaposed with the monotonous and traditionally ordinary world of Cookham. Also, the appearance of Christ with his cross scarce blends in with the actions of another(prenominal) people there is another man, given correspond compositional prominence as Christ, who is carrying two sets of ladders behind Jesus. The mixing in concert of ordinariness and extraordinariness is further highlighted by the house, where people lean out. The curtains that flap out of the windows give the appearance, but the appearance only, of wings, suggesting that the people in the house be angels. This juxtaposition could be seen as both philosophically radical Christ is r arly seen in art as an ordinary figure, or unity that could be assigned ordinary characteristics and also, judging from the immediately olde worlde environs of Cookham, as inherently traditional. By using his surroundings of Cookham and by cartel grandiose biblical imagery and the everyday, Stanley Spencer manages to be both a painter of the avant-garde tradition, yet also one that is firmly attached to the traditional methods of portraying biblical imagery. Kitty Hauser suggests that Spencer has painted the curtains so that they seem kindred wings, trans puzzle outing the figures into angels at the moment that Christ walks past. But these figures are not kind of angels, any more than the curtains are angels wings. Instead, just at this moment, they are both valet and divine.1 Indeed, it is this mixture between sublime and mundane, between the everyday and the miraculous, that Spencer draws upon heavily in his uniquely personal work. In Spencers wartime paintings, the mixture between biblical and everyday are used to similar effect, suggesting to the onlooker that divinity and divine love is everywhere, so long as we have the strength to look for it. In Patient Suffering from Frostbite (1932), a large man is seen nursing a victim of the Great War the pails carried by the ward piecely miraculously transform him into a ministering angel, as they wee on the appearance of wings.2 So, it could easily be read that, according to Spencer, the lessons to be learnt from Christianity are not that of obedience and subservience, but are that promised land is possible in the everyday, that love and perfection are essential components of the reality in which we all live. In Reveille (1929), mosquito nets erected by the war workers could be easily seen as death-shrouds, angels wings or winged insects. Stanley Spencers interpretations of the paintings are also important, as his literary productions offer insight into the d eeply subjective and personal layers of meaning which he draws upon in the paintings. He suggests that the characters on the right of Reveille are announcing the Armistice, and that the mosquito nets represent a kind of chrysalis, from which the people will emerge into a world dominated by peace and by love. According to Hauser, Spencer does this in order to show the interpenetration of heaven and earth, where ordinary objects combine and momentarily take on a numinous appearance, without losing anything of their ordinariness.3 Thus, it is this interpenetration that, in a sense, makes Spencer extremely hard to define as an artist of that particular period. Although he took on many of the concepts of dominant post-impressionist artists (Gauguin is a stylistic influence, for instance, with his paintings of simple, round figures and the displacement of biblical themes onto a fairly ordinary world), he also pushed them further. Spencer could also be seen as being like to Symbolism, b y assigning everyday objects a greater meaning, but their effective purpose in the paintings for instance, the mosquito net is neer not a mosquito net in Reveille can be interpreted as something more divine. Thus, Spencer is both a imagingary in the sense that he approached, subjected and challenged the central issues of Christianity, the conflict between human and divine, but he also did so in a way that would challenge the viewer into interpreting the world around him differently. By refusing to place anything with factual divine properties into his work by scarcely winning Christ and move him in the context of an ordinary scene in Cookham by taking the idiom of realist, war painting and organising it in such a behavior that suggests biblical qualities, Spencer is in turn stamp outing the standard views of dominant ideologies as the avant-garde of the period sought to achieve, but also did so in a way that didnt threaten compromise his position as a British, village pa inter or indeed a painter of commercial landscapes that he used to make money from in order to continue painting his more artistically advanced work. In Shipbuilding on the Clyde (1946), Hauser suggests that the non-homogeneous labours of welders, burners, riveters and riggers were choreographed by Spencer into a sequence of images in which the mundane tasks of the factory-worker take on an epic, almost religious aspect.4 Indeed, the presence of the Inferno sure can at angle to Dante, and the ways in which all workers conjoin in harmony, tugging on a piece of sheet metal, suggests a certain unity in human endeavour that, considering the temperament of Spencers other work, could also arguably allude to a greater theme of universal love and harmony.In Spencers sexual period, he becomes more akin to the more controversial and gainsay aspects of the avant-garde of the time, challenging assumptions about the institutions in which we live, albeit in a slightly less combative and ex troverted manner than say, the Surrealists or the Futurists. But in his more overtly sexual (and viewary) work, he paints a unique and very idiosyncratic view of Christianity, more akin to the 1960s sexual revolution than to the traditional and mossy world of religion and churches. Spencer failed to see how Christianity and monogamy needed to be intertwined, and believed that sexual ecstacy was a means of achieving heaven on earth. His batchs of the last day were once again juxtaposed onto the quaint and pastoral landscape of Cookham, and the orgiastic rites of the last day were catapulted onto the village green in Cookham. In A Village in Heaven (1937), the last day is seen as a time when all sexual and brotherly difference will disappear and all will live under the world of God and of love. Everybody, people of all ages and social status engage in orgiastic bliss. All body types, ages, races, genders are combined. And the fact that it engages with religious themes makes it al l the more controversial. Hauser suggests that Spencer could not see why orthodox Christianity should be so puritanical about sex. At his most enthusiastic, he saw sex as an essential part of his religious vision.5 Indeed, in his personal life, the bigamous relationship he indulged with both Hilda Carline and Patricia Preece got him into stark trouble with the establishment, and eventually forced him to break from the Tate Britain at the time. Sunf ruggeder and andiron Worship (1937), plays on the even more controversial themes of bestiality. Dogs lick men and men lick them bandaging, suggesting a bestial play between the two. However, the superior quality of love and sex reach their metaphorical apex in Love Among the Nations (1935), as vehement an anti-war statement that has ever been imagined. In this painting, world leaders and people from different cultures and social groups engaged in orgies heedless of social background. Hauser suggests that Love Among the Nations (1935) is an extraordinary image in which physical love breaks down the barriers between representatives of the nations of the world. Spencer himself is represented in the painting two mature half-naked Africans pull on the buttons of his tweed jacket, with amorous intent.6 Thus his Christian vision of love transcends racial boundaries, and in turn suggest that he is not so much anti-Christian, but remains anti-institutional, in the sense that it was the morphologic corruption that caused war among nations, earlier than the inherent flaws of humanity itself. This juxtaposes the radical view of his religion, and the uncompromising vision of religion and sex combined in his bacchanalia scenes with his position as quaintly hopeful about human nature and about the nature of love that allows us to see him as an optimistic innocent caught amid religious dogma that dominates the essential message of Christianity namely that God is everywhere, and for everybody, that heaven on Earth is a po ssibility, and that this is to be achieved through the panorama of love through sex and unrestricted copulation. Of course, this view remains controversial and radical even today, and, arguably this presents a view of Christianity more akin to Paganism than to the practically constructed versions of Christianity practised at the time and since.Stanley Spencer manages to juxtapose opposing views by presenting a vision that is so eccentric, that it is easy to regard him as an outsider in the art world. His vision of sex and religion, as fixed in the everyday certainly labels him as an avant garde pioneer in some respects certainly his views were controversial at the time, curiously considering his place as a villager, and the placing of his biblical narratives in the small town of Cookham. His religious views are reconciled to some extent by their idiosyncracies, and their glaring difference from orthodoxy, which may save him from any criticism regarding their political or ideol ogical importance. Indeed, the inhering subjectivity of the artists work tends to subvert the legitimate message, as people tend to regard his paintings, and the optimistic light in which they are drawn, as harking back to the Romantic vision of the painter as recorder and of the medium of painting being more important than the actual subject matter. Certainly, religion had an fix on the view that Spencer was a village innocent his placing of biblical scenes, along with the more conservatively executed landscapes, the dead paintings that he did for money, certainly find the landscape of Cookham in quaint terms, and with an air of realism that other modernist painters tended to ignore. Hauser suggests that cosiness was what modernist painting all too often lacked.7 Certainly, Spencers work jars with the harsh and raise world of modernist painters, insofar as he regarded his work as mold with a certain sense of personal meaning. Gormley suggests that Spencers position is radic al. If the modernist trajectory was interested with the development of perceptual language that, in order to be butt and finally sublime, ended up by being anonymous, he stands for the sacrosanct subjectivity of the artist as a point of view (recorder) and a point of experience.8 Indeed, the subjectivity of Spencer allows him to reconcile his role as a quaint village Romantic with the more avant-garde elements of his subject matter. Spencer tended to regard form less as a means for experimentation than most modernist painters tended to. For instance, the play with texture and form as seen in other modernist artists like Picasso have no role in Stanley Spencers artwork. In fact, judging from the last unsmooth piece that he produced, and the bitpiece, painting-by-numbers style with which his work was being painted, his paintings seem more architectural than singular. His Church House project, which was something he was working on as a testament to his life with God, the relationsh ips hed drawn between sex and religion, certainly provided Spencer with the ideal blueprint with which to direct his work, even if the grandiosity of the architectural vision tended to complicate and stifle his desire to experiment. Also, his need to make money from his landscapes tended to subvert his overall vision, and thus tends to put him more in the category of low art, or popular art, as opposed to the high art of modernism, which in turn, problematizes his connection with the avant-garde, and places him more in the tradition of Romantic or quasi-Impressionist painter.Overall, Stanley Spencer was a religious painter, insofar as his works are littered with references to biblical imagery, and took heavily from the Pre-Raphaelite and the classical modes of religious painters. Of course, this conservatism would definitely place him in the Neo-Classical school far away from the avant-garde of the time, and, at best, as a competent but essentially uninspired village painter. Howev er, what is original about the paintings of Stanley Spencer was that he provided through his paintings and his writings, an insight into his unique world view, and speculated controversially that religion and orgiastic sexual practices neednt be kept separate. Both in his actual life and in his paintings, Spencer attempted to demonstrate his vision that monogamy neednt be synonymous with God, and also that the biblical vision of God and heaven was easily attainable, and available in the everyday world. In his selection of Cookham biblical paintings, Spencer synthesises biblical imagery with everyday imagery, and this desire to perceive the transcendental and the heavenly in the everyday was a subject that he stuck at for his intact artistic career. Hauser suggests that Spencers early paintings of biblical subjects still have the capacity to alternate and enchant, fusing mythical narratives with specific and apparently unremarkable locations. This concatenation of biblical and local anaesthetic produces some strange effects.9 Indeed it is this mixture, done in a subtle, rather than an ostentatious and baroque fashion, that makes Spencer unique, and it is his blending of normal events with divine events that gives these works their redemptory power. However, Spencers opinions on Christianity are fairly unorthodox, if not completely unique, and it is this uniquely religious angle that allows us to entertain certain notions that Spencer was avant-garde, and revolutionary. Certainly, Spencer failed to fit into any other genre or category of painter around at the time, and his privateness as an artist, away from the establishment, certainly allowed him to entertain his highly subjective vision as an artist. Structurally, Spencers work remains quite conservative, and his later work especially reflects this conservatism, as he worked exclusively to construct The Church House. His work during the mid-fifties loses the intensity and the warmth of his previous wor k, and certainly there was an element whereby Spencer was simply painting by numbers rather than generating pieces based on actual inspiration or the desire to experiment. So, it is definitely the controversial religious fill that tends to mark him as an avant-garde pioneer, but it is much. Certainly, to Spencer, Cookham and biblical imagery are interlaced, but it would be difficult to see his controversial religious views being popularly held in the small, conservative home county village where he displace inspiration for his work. Certainly, the village and the divine are intertwined in Spencers work, and, arguably the rural quaintness of his free love concepts have granted his work a spanking popularity in later years. Although it is easy to see the avant-garde concepts behind his work, it is more difficult to reconcile the effects of religion on the notion that Spencer was a village innocent certainly, his sexual paintings of village green orgies seem anything but what is t raditionally held as innocent.BibliographyHauser, K., Stanley Spencer, Tate Publishing, London 2001MacCarthy, F., Stanley Spencer An English Vision, Yale University Press, Washington DC 1997Tate bearing Liverpool, Stanley Spencer A Sort of Heaven, Tate Gallery, Liverpool 19921Footnotes1 Hauser. K., Stanley Spencer, Tate Publishing, London 2001, pp. 35-62 ibid. p. 663 ibid.4 ibid. p. 695 ibid. p. 446 ibid. p. 507 ibid. p. 298 Gormley, A., Cookhams Present, from Stanley Spencer A Sort of Heaven, Tate Gallery, London 1992, p. 79 Hausen K., p. 33

Responsibility of the Artist in Faith in a Tree :: Faith in a Tree Essays

Responsibility of the Artist in creed in a Tree   The philosophy found in faith in a Tree deals heavily with responsibility. One of the responsibilities which was explored was the responsibility of the inventionist. Paleys portraying of artists in this allegory is certainly less than flattering. In one of the roughly thematically important paragraphs, Faith decides, (to summarize a paragraph) if its truth and observe you want to refine...let God be in charge of beauty....and let man be in charge of practised. (p.89) The comment was given directly after a dialogue in which artists were labeled as speculators speculators in the sense that they did non invest in life, they merely observed. One gets the sense from the tone of the pages that artists be not being put in a favorable light. Paley is assay to say something important about the responsibility of an artist here. Her condemnation of artists as cited above does not extend to all artists. There is a qualifier at the beginning of the paragraph which is very important, if its truth and honor you want to refine. In essence, if the artist is trying to discern something true or noble then they should stop painting, writing, or sculpting for its own sake and write down doing something Good. Faith reveals her own disdain for musicians who are absorbed in art for arts sake when she comments satirically, when darkness covers the earth and darkness a great people, I will think of you two men with smart ears. (p.89) Paley is obviously sensitive thin ice of hypocrisy she is skating on. An artist herself, her own story should be actively supporting the Good, or her critique of the painter and the musicians would be meaningless. Before going further, it is necessary to define vertical what Faiths idea of Good is. Faith doesnt directly define Good, but she does define Bad which is just as important, because a fight or artistic work against something bad, is in essence, something Good. In Faiths wo rds, Evil is bad, Wicked is bad. Robbing, Murder and Putting Heroin in your Blood is Bad (p.85) Any act which is wicked, evil, or destructive is fate of the Bad. Faiths definition of Bad is very general, but leaves a faithful jumping off point into the main theme of the novel, the Vietnam War. Surprisingly, the war, which I hand to be the main theme of the novel, takes up very little of the operation in the story.

Vikings Essay examples -- essays research papers fc

VIKINGSEINHERJAR THE CHOSEN ONES                                                   Kenneth Dunn                          History 115Professor Gordon neer before has such terror appeared in Britain as we have instanter suffered from a pagan race. Behold, the church of St. Cuthbert, spattered with the blood of the priests of God, despoiled of each(prenominal) its ornaments a place more venerable than all in Britain is given over as a prey to pagan peoples." - Alcuin of York, in a earn to Ethelred, King of Northumbria in England.     Vikings were a truly diverse and fascinating people. As they rode the waves of the Atlantic Ocean to many different lands, the wa rriors struck terror into the paddy wagon of people throughout the many countries they raided. Just the sight of the long, carved beasts at the bows of their ships slinking toward the shores through the mist was enough weaken even the strongest soul. However, while being vicious, inhumane barbarians, a different lifestyle prevailed in their homelands as they face up the same daily struggles as any other society. They were farmers, traders, explorers, and accomplished shipbuilders. in that location followed laws and customs for which there were punishments if those laws were not followed. They prayed to their Gods and loved their families. In the end, the Vikings traveled over most of the world and left a lasting impression that electrostatic excites our imaginations to this day.Social Structure and Aspects of Everyday Life of the VikingsBy Wendy Latimore     Vikings were a red and barbaric society.or were they? Most Vikings were farmers and traders. They hu nted and fished and grew the foods they needed to sustain their families. match to Ingmar Jansson, a professor of archaeology at Stockholm University in Sweden, "The Norsemen were not just warriors, they were farmers, artists, shipbuilders, and innovators. More than anything, they were excellent traders who connected peoples fr... ...Viking Heritage 2005,     viking.hgo.se/Files/VikHeri/Viking_Age/end.html, retrieved June 15, 2005.The Oxford Illustrated History of the Vikings. redact by Peter Sawyer. Oxford OxfordUniversity Press, 2001. The Viking Network. The Vikings Who Were the Vikings Everyday Life Viking      Women. http//www.viking.no/e/life/ewomen.htm. 15 April 2000. (retrieved June      29,      2005)Travel Through the Ireland Story . . . The Vikings,www.wesleyjohnston.com/users/ireland/past/pre_norman/history/vikings.html, retrieved June 16, 2005.Vikings, Microsoft Encarta Online Encyclop edia 2005, encarta.msn.com 1997-2005.Microsoft Corporation.Viking theology BBCi History. bbc.co.uk/history/ 2001. British Broadcasting Corporation.Siddorn, K., Williamson R. Viking Ship Building, http//www.regia.org/ships/Ships1.htm.Vikings. Microsoft Encarta Online Encyclopedia. 1997-2005.encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761561500_1____5/Vikings.htmls5 retrieved June 21,      2005. Viking Traveling Routes, www.arild-hauge.com/eraids.htm, retrieved June 16, 2005.

Legal Liability of Parents Essay -- essays research papers fc

ratified Liability 0f P arntsP arnts should and should non be held legally amenable for their tiddlerrens actions. Parents who are incompetent and parents who are in the system themselves should be held responsible for their barbarianrens actions. Parents who are handicapped and parents who are competent should not be held responsible for their childrens actions. Parents that do not rear their children should be held responsible. There are parents who do not care what the child does as long as they are not in there way. They are too concern in their careers or in life to care what the child does. lots the child acts out for attention. Most parents believe that by taking the child to counseling will solve the problem, without going to counseling themselves. The parents do not take the disciplinary role. They either had a child by incident or had one for their significant other, when they really did not want children. By holding them responsible it teaches the parent a lesson. The parent learns that even though they tried to ignore the problem that there is a problem and that they get to take time out of there day to listen to the child. The child will also pay for their actions, either by the parent or eventually by the law. Parents that are in the system themselves should also be held responsible. Parents who do drugs and know what the child is doing and chooses not to intervene should be held responsible. The disposal should take the ch...

The Spanish Armada Essay -- Invincible Armada

The Spanish Armada also called the Invincible Armada, and more correctly La Armada Grande. It was a fleet intended to concern England and to put an end to the position aggression against the Spanish Crown. However it was a fatal mistake and afterward a weeks fighting the Spanish Armada was shattered, this led to the gradatory decline in maritime power of Spain.Spanish powers dominated and ascertain much of the known world during the 16th Century. Spanish leader faggot Phillip II had reasons to deplete their arch-rival England. His reasons were to convert the Protestants in England to the Church of Rome and to eliminate one of the major sea-fearing rivals for economic wealth.In 1587, Francis Drake cruised off the coast of Spain and chthonic Elizabeths wishes Francis Drake attacked the Spanish shipping, burnt the half-finished and unmanned ships at Cadiz, and did enormous damage to the Spanish navy. King Philip II at last convinced that Spain must invade England in order to do minate the region. But his inefficiency as an organizer was never more evident. Slow, inactive, and not only ignorant of the secret of sea power, unless also unwilling to admit that there was any need for advice and focus in sea warfare. He wasted months on making plans of lawsuit while the building and refitting of the fleet was neglected. Even though the Spaniards of that day were reputed the outgo soldiers in the world, but in naval maneuvers and in the use of strong artillery they were very far behind...

Emerging Technologies Essays -- Digital Gadgets, Personal Information

During the twenty-first century the world has witnessed massive developments in technology. Almost every(prenominal) someone is familiar with the use of digital gadgets for communication, socialization and data storage among different services (Freedman 02). The inventions of electronic devices that can be used to store, send, receive and retrieve any information are results of advancements in technology. These developments belong to the information and communications category. Many people in todays world act the mistake of thinking that the technological advancements that are happening right right away are the only technologic advancements evolving in the world. However when it comes down to it, people necessitate been experiencing technological advancements as early as the Neolithic period, impacting almost every aspect of life. These ancient technologies puddle come to be overtaken by time, as there are new ones which seem to be more efficient in accomplishing similar ta sks. Emerging technologies can be said to be innovations and advancements that can be witnessed in different sectors of technology (Zelkowitz 6). Most up-coming technologies deal brought synchronization of the previous developments, making them work together in achieving a similar remainder. A good example of this is how video, data and telephonic technologies allow now been made to work together in achieving the same goal of effective communication (Zelkowitz 12). All of these technologies used to exist completely by them self, but not anymore. Scientists developed different social services that plug in people together in a form of social media. Examples of these applications embarrass Twitter Facebook, Vine, and Instagram among many others.As much as these new technologies have brought efficiency and a... ...ormation, and we cannot just do away with emerging technologies just because of critics. We remove to accept that everything has its share of merits and demerits, and move on. All we need is looking for instrument of preserving our cultures and history as well as basic education whether there are emerging technologies or not. Works citedFreedman, C. D. The Extension of the Criminal equity to Protecting Confidential Commercial Information Comments on the Issues and the Cyber-Context. (August 01, 2013). International reexamination of Law, Computers & Technology, 13, 2, 147-162. http//www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13600869955116.UdhxNezkU1IGopnik, Adam. The Information A Critic at Large. The New Yorker 14 Feb. 2011 124+. ProQuest. Web. 31 October 2011.Zelkowitz, Marvin V..Vol.73 Advances in Technology Emerging Technologies. Amsterdam u.a. Elsevier, 2013. Print.

Irony and Symbolism in Willa Cathers Pauls Case Essays -- Cather Pau

Irony and symbol in Willa Cathers capital of Minnesotas Case Pauls Case, by Willa Cather, is a story that deals with a schoolgirlish boy who does not feel that he lives a life beseem of him. Upon a close reading, it is evident that Pauls Case is ruled by sarcasm and symbolism, which are apparent in the story through the words of the narrator. The mockery woven through unwrap the text builds up to an epiphonic moment, a main paradox in the story, which reveals to the reader Pauls true nature. Paul believes that e preciseone around him is beneath him. He is convinced that he is superior to e genuinelyone else in his school and in his neighborhood. He is even condescending to his teachers, and shows an appalling heart of contempt for them, of which they are very aware. In one class he habitually sat with his exit shading his eyes in another he always looked out of the window during the recitation in another he made a running commentary on the lecture, with humorous intention. Paul wanted everyone to recall he was better than they were. Not only did he try to stage as if he were rich and important, his very actions displayed a great amount of disdain for everyone around him. Paul sees himself as superior. He carries himself with a autocratic countenance and air about him, apparent in the description Paul entered the faculty room suave and smiling. His attempts to portray himself as elegant is evident in the adornments with which he tries to accentuate his attire he wore an opal pin in his neatly knotted black fourin-hand, and a red carnation in his button-hole. The irony in Pauls self-delusion lies in the way he is, in reality, seen by the rest of the world. While he thinks that he is dapper and winning in his ornamented garb, t... ...ft who is actually honest. To Paul, the ultimate smirch in life is to be a wear of the upper class. Paul had to try very hard, and be very dishonest, to convey a certain image so that he would be accepted as a part of that class. At this moment, since the best place to be is the upper class, and if one must be dishonest to get hold of high social status, Paul wonders how there can be anyone in the world who is honest because everyone should be striving to be a part of the upper class. As far as Paul is concerned, his deceitful measures were an pleasing means for achieving his goal.Works Cited and ConsultedBrown M. & Crone R. Willa Cather the Woman and Her Works. New York Charles Scribners Sons. 1970.Cather, Willa. Pauls Case. The Norton Anthology of Short Fiction. Eds. R.V. Cassill and Richard Bausch. Shorter 6th ed. New York Norton, 2000. 198-207.

Juliusz Slowacki :: essays research papers

Juliusz SlowackiWe all have our favorite writers. Many of them are using their own, authoritative language that we like or dont. Very often basing on the language they use we can imagine their character and what contour of community they are or were. Their ardour of theme makes us be more familiar with them and with their books. But some(a)times, even writers that are using precise unusual style of writing make a huge scene on us and I would like to focus on a novelist that presents that kind of writing. His name is Juliusz Slowacki (1809-1849) and he is one of the most famous Polish poets in the history. As you can see he was writing his books very recollective time ago but they are still very hot in Poland, Europe and probably in former(a) parts of the world. I can say that he is not my favorite writer because his style of writing is not easy to understand and you have to be very focus during the reading. In addition to that, every person that wants to read some of his bo oks should be very familiar with Polish and European history. On the other hand this is advantage because reading a book you are as well studying a little bit of history. But it does not call back that I dont like Slowacki and his books. I chose to write closely him because his style is very familiar to me, and his books made a huge impression on me. Some of his books captivate, fascinate, release my tomography, and are taking me to the lands that I eternally wanted to see and visit. The fight for independence became the briny topic of Slowackis works. In his books like Kordian, Bogurodzica he is calling the nation to fight because in his judgment that is the only way to the freedom. Slowacki was writing about moral and political problems of the generation, which had muzzy the resurrection. He was a great poet loving his country. He also was writing poems inspired by the nature like Rozlaczenie, about his childhood, literature, but his main subject was always reflections abou t his nation and the suffering of Poland and Polish people. In my opinion his lyrics reached the artistic perfection. In supreme way he could speed and portray human feelings. Slowacki is using many elements of language. His style is speaking to our imagination beautifully describing his times and the events.

Phonology And The Dutch Stress :: essays research papers

The Dutch sift sytemDutch is described as existence a quantity-sensitive trochaic schema, operating from left to function with extrametricality. In the pursual essay I will gice the arguments and data that point towards this system. I will also analyse in which way exceptions are being taken care of within this system. The metrical analysis will be based on work by Trommelen & Zonneveld. These authors adopt an onset-rhyme organisation of syllable construction. We freighter make cardinal major generalisations about deform when analysing DutchFirstly, main stress always falls within a three-syllable-window at the right word edge this indicates that the main stress always falls on one of the last three syllables. This stack also be called the three-syllable restriction. This produces three different stress patterns last-place, penultimate and antepenultimate. Primary stress is prohibited hike to the left.The three-syllable-window restriction&8230&61555(&61555&61555&61555) dataANTpenitentiaryFINVVAmrikamacarniindividVCJerzalemcatamrankamelenFurthermore, stress is restricted to a two-syllable windowin run-in containing a prefinal (or diphtongal) syllable. This meat that antepenultimate stress (third syllable from right side of the word) only occurs in words with an open syllable next to it (an open penultimate syllable). Therefore, the Dutch stress system depends on the character of the second to last (penultimate) syllable.DataANTPENFIN-VV-VVPnamapyjmachocol-VV-VCbritonclebespelotn-VC-VVagndafrikandau-VC-VCGibrltarbombardn-ViVj-VVandjvieThirdly, schwa syllables ae never stressedDataa) &8211CVX-C(C)b) -CVV-(C )mde, salde, mirkel, Azi, Blgi, trrir,lnte, septmberndiThis is called the schwa-syllable restriction. Primary stress falls directly for a schwa syllable if schwa is immediately preceded by a consonant. We can, however also make minor generalisations within the boundary of major generalisations. These minor generalisations reflect the predominan t stress patterns, and allow for exceptions. These exceptions dead end for the recessive stress patterns within the system. The position of main stress is knowledgeable both by the length of the word and by the internal structure of the syllables involved. The dominant patterns in Dutch are the following&61623 In disyllabic words ending in open (VV) and closed (VC) syllables, penultimate stress is dominant&61623 In trisyllabics, the dominant patterns are penultimate stress in VV-final words and antepenultimate stress in VC-final words (if the penultimate syllable is open)&61623 In VXC-final words, final stress is the dominant pattern.Now that we know about these generalisations we can provide arguments and data which point towards the system of Dutch stress.ExtrametricalityExtrametricality in the Dutch language is normally operating on words having a final &8211VX syllable (which is heavy). However, it does not work on final &8216open&8217 VV-syllables (which are light). The follo wing examples prove this

Proposing Windsor Boys and Girls Group Learning of Dance and Drama :: essays research papers

I am a six form council representative and I proposed an idea, discussed at length and hold by everyone at the meeting and as well by the students that study leap and romp that Windsor boys and Windsor girls should join together to study these lessons. This arrangement would cover a two-year period- AS and A2 level study. It would only apply to these two subjects stock-still it could work well in other subject aras too. I do understand that some concerns will arise but I consent I can overcome any problems that do come up and hopefully I can persuade you in to this arrangement. I switch taken this idea to the head of the department in the boys schooltime and also the head of the department in our school. Both departments are very supportive of the idea and think that it would be very ministrant in making lessons and productions more realistic. This would be a joint project, the drama and trip the light fantastic teachers will be working as a group and each teacher wil l mark a joint mind however, each teacher will be responsible for their own pupil. Having fantasy this arrangement and talking it through with everyone concerned the boys school have offered to us the use of their facilities and equipment as they are much greatest to ours. We have also decided that as the boys school is in walking distance, we would be prepared to walk to the school to drop off our lesson, we would be in groups so it would be safe and also the dance and drama teachers would accompany us in order to reduce be and facilities. Both schools are prepared to co operate with this project. We are also strong willed about scheduling to leave our school in our luncheon time and start walking to the boys school in order for us to be able to arrive at the chasten time so we will be able to begin and shoemakers last our lesson on time without having to over run or to make up for lost time because of lateness. Everyone concerned in this idea agrees that this would be a fan tastic opportunity as the outcome consists of many advantages. Joining some(prenominal) schools together and having mixed gender lessons would mean that the productions and lessons would be more realistic, it would advance the performance to a high standard as everyone would be playing realistic and right roles.

Mary Shelleys Frankenstein :: Essays Papers

bloody shame Shelleys FrankensteinUnbelievably Mary Shelley wrote the fresh Frankensteinat the age of eighteen. This great work captures the imaginations of itsreaders. Frankenstein remains one of the superlative examples of Gothicliterature. Unlike other Gothic novels of the time, however, Frankenstein alsoincludes elements of Ro cosmostic writing, and wherefore cannot be classified assoley Gothic. Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley was an English novelist. The daughterof the British philosopher William Godwin and the British author andfeminist Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin. Born in capital of the United Kingdom in 1797, Mary wasprivately educated. She met the young poet Percy Bysshe Shelley in May1814, and dickens months later she left England with him. When Shelleys firstwife died in December 1816, he married Mary. Marys first and mostimportant work, the novel Frankenstein, was begun on Lake Geneva in thesummer of 1816 as her contribution to a ghost-story competition. Aremarkable ac complishment for such a young writer, Frankenstein was asuccess. No other work by Mary Shelley achieved the popularity or honesty of this first work, although she wrote four other novels, books oftravel sketches, and miscellaneous tales. In 1818 the Shelleys left Englandfor Italy, where they stayed until Shelleys death. Only one of Marys andPercys children survived, Percy Florence, and in 1823 Mary returned toEngland with him and concentrated on his education and welfare. The imageof Mary Shelley presented by the biographers suggests an intensely private,imaginatively exuberant, yet also emotionally pull away figure, whosepolitical melancholy and strong religious faith are intriguingly at odds withthe optimistic rationalism of her famous parents, and her poet husbands nescient radicalism.The story of Frankenstein begins in the polar ice of the Arctic Circle.The ship of an English explorer, Walton, is trapped in the ice and is unableto travel. During the day the men on board spotted a sledge, driven by a spacious man and drawn by dogs followed by Victor Frankenstein, a man invery poor condition. Walton nursed him back to health as the stranger toldWalton his story. Victor Frankenstein was born in Geneva and at an earlier age showedpromise in the natural sciences. Victor was sent to a university when hegrew older, and thats where he stumbled on to the secret of creating life.With great wideness Victor created an eight-foot monster and gave him lifethrough electri city.Once Victor had recognise what he had done he panicked and left thecreature. When the creature wondered into the city everyone he metscreamed and ran away. Finally the creature found a place to support in a

Physiological Effects of MDMA Use :: Health Drugs Essays

Physiological Effects of methylenedioxymethamphetamine UseMDMA has monumental cardiovascular effects. This is consistent with its norepinephrine releasing (Johnson et al. 1991 Rothman et al. 2001) and _2 adrenergic agonist (Lavelle et al. 1999) properties. MDMA dose dependently produces robust sum ups in union aim and blood closet (de la Torre et al. 2000a de la Torre et al. 2000b Grob et al.). Peak cardiovascular effects occur amongst 1 and 2 hours after MDMA administration and largely root within 6 hours of drug administration.A memorize suggested that the relationship amongst MDMA dose and cardiovascular effects was supralinear by de la Torre et al. (2000a) who inform unexpectedly high drug exposures (measured as AUCplasma for MDMA) and diastolic blood blackjack increases in two volunteers given 150 mg MDMA. While pharmacokinetic information suggest MDMA has nonlinear kinetics, there is no clear establish of supralinear relationships between dose and blood squeeze or heart rate. In fact, there may be less increase in heart rate after higher doses. The tendency toward less heart rate increase with higher dose is consistent with a study apply both conscious and anesthetized rats (OCain et al. 2000). In this rat study, 3 mg/kg IV MDMA decreased heart rate, while lower doses tended to increase it or leave it unchanged.Studies monitoring blood atmospheric pressure found hearty relationships between MDMA use and blood pressure. In one study, (Vollenweider et al. 1998) involving subjects without a history of MDMA use, one subject experienced hypertensive crisis from a dose typical of recreational use. The correlation of blood pressure is described, A two way ANOVA for systolic blood pressure revealed a solid main effect of drug F(1,2) = 41.09 p < 02 and a significant drug x time interaction F(3,6) = 11.31 p < 007. Significant changes occurred in the 0 to 75 minutes and 75 to 150 minutes breakup (one way ANOVAs). Two way ANOVA for diastolic bl ood pressure was not significant, but one way ANOVAs showed significant changes in the 75 to 150 minutes and the 150 to 300 minutes interval. Increases were in the part of 10 to 30 mm Hg for systolic blood pressure and 5 to 10 mm Hg for diastolic blood pressure. (Vollenweider et al. 1998 pp.245_246) This study shows a similarity in changes in systolic blood pressure, and a lesser similarity in changes in diastolic blood pressure. The circumstance of hypertensive crisis suggests caution in potential use and study.

Gender based difference in managerial styles Essays -- essays research

executive Summary This handle looks at several researches that gestate studied the managerial dahs of males and females with an attempt to define perceived differences between them. In addition discussed are the results from studies on the effectiveness of managers between the two genders. The results of these studies have been analyzed through with(predicate) readings of several researches and personal experiences of the students doing this report. Studies say both genders are at least equally effective in the business world and that achievement is impact by diverse individual factors and has very less to do with gender. unremarkably held perceptions of males being more effective managers are not only a loss to the female manager, but a loss to the organization and party as a whole. A note on the report writers The group consists of six members five males and unity female. The gents are in Executive positions with at least four years of full-time de act upon experience and the maam a middle level manager with a total of 10 years in the corporate world out of which five have been in a management position. Although cultural issues are out of the telescope of this assignment, the ethnicity of the members is thought to be relevant. totally group members are from the Indian sub-continent, draw one member who is a Middle Eastern male. All members work experience have been derived in the UAE and most members have been in the verdant for at least six years. Snap-shots of the brainstorming session enquiryes Used colossal researches have been conducted on the topic of gender-based difference in managerial styles. All members prior to commencing of the session have thoroughly read these. An example of one of the researches used has been attached in the appendix and outlined below counseling Research Group (MRG) has conducted a get hold of on gender differences and leading that claims to have eliminated key shortcomings that other such researches ha ve, such as tiny number of participants, reliance on self-reports, use of inappropriate subjects, uncontrolled differences and so forth This research claims to be the largest controlled study of gender differences in leadership style with data compiled over 15 years. Further details of this research participants and form of research can be found in the research report in the appendix section.Discussion between the team membersAlmo... ...9-560. Eagly, A. H., & Johnson, B. T., 1990 Gender and leadership style A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, p 108, 233-256. Kabacoff R, Peters H, 1998 The Way Women and men conk out Different but Equally Effective. Management Research Group Research Report Leadership & Gender. http//www.mrg.com/Publications/articles/The_Way_Women-Men_Lead.pdf Accessed November 17, 2004 Eagly et al, Transformational, Transactional, and Laissez-Faire Leadership Styles A Meta-Analysis Comparing Women and Men Psychological Bulletin http//www.ratcow.com/paf508/l azzifar_leader.html Formichelle, L, 2001, He Does, She Does Management styles may differ, but success isnt gender-related.http//www.wellsfargo.com/biz/products/resources/advisor/archives/012002He/012002He.jhtmlRobbins, S. P. 2004,10th edition, Organisational Behaviour, Prentice Hall, USA. Turner, D. H. Gender differences in management style Evidence from the accounting profession, The Centre for the study of Women, Science and Technology. http//www.wst.gatech.edu/Gender_Differences_in_Management_Style.ppt Accessed November 14, 2004 http//www.kon.org/archives/forum/12-1/prehl.html

The Beach Boys :: Art

The bound BoysThe strand Boys formed in 1961. The band members are Brian, Dennis, and Carl Wilson who are all(prenominal) brothers, Al Jardine and Mike Love. alone but Al Jardine lived in Los Angelas. They were premier(prenominal) called the Pendletones which was a shirt brand , but a record approximate executive named them the Beach Boys. One of their first big hits was Surfin that was credited for starting time the surfing craze. 1962 they released the phonograph album Surfin Safari with the straining Surfin Safari hitting the U.S realize 40. 1963 Surfin U.S.A reached 3 on the charts. Surfer Girl ended the the albums surfer cycle. two the album and single made U.S top 10. Their next two albums, littler Deuce Coupe, and Shut D stimulate, went high on the U.S album charts. mid(prenominal) 1964 the song I Get Around off of the album All Summer Long became their first U.S No.1 and their first UK top 10 hit. The course of study closed with album Beach Boys Concert which be came their first Us chart topping LP. Brian underwent the first of several nervous breakdowns and withdrew from regular touring for twelve years. He was first replaced by Glenn Campell and then later permanently replaced by Bruce Johnson. A re-recording of Help Me Rhonda became the groups second No.1 hit. California Girls almost became a No.1 but never did. Free from touring Brian began to take more time composing and recording a attitude found in the album Beach Boys Party. 1966 Pet Sounds was one of the finest recorded by the Beach Boys. Off that album the songs Sloop John B, God Only Knows, Wouldnt it be minute, and Caroline, No all reached U.S top 40. Then they released their most famous song Good Vibrations costing them $50,000. Mid 1967 an abandoned album Smile was produced place was still bootlegged. Then produced Smiley Smile which was an album which was almost identical as Smile. Off of Smiley Smile the song Heroes & Villains made top 20 Their Popularity was declining wi th the albums Wild Honey, Friends and 20/20 selling fewer and fewer copies and concert crowds thinned. 1968s Do it again was their last U.S Top 20 single for eight more years. 1970 their contract with Capitol Records expired and they then were offered their own record label Brother Records through Warner-Reprise. They produced their first album with the parvenue management called Sunflower it was a critical success but a commercial disaster.

Laser Technology :: essays research papers fc

The optical maser is a device that a institutionalize of glister that is both scientifically and practically of great use because it is coherent roost. The beam is produced by a process known as stimulated firing, and the record book "laser" is an acronym for the phrase " idle amplification by stimulated sacking of beam of light."Light is just like radio waves in the way that it idler also carry information. The information is encoded in the beam as variations in the frequency or shape of the light wave. The good part is that since light waves have oftentimes high frequencies they can also hold much more information.Not only is the particle the smallest light unit just now it is a particle as well as a wave. In beams of light whether they are ordinary natural or artificial the photon waves go forth not be traveling together because they are not organism emitted at exactly the same moment except instead at random short bursts. Even if the light is of a single frequency that rural areament would also be true. A laser is useful because it produces light that is not only of essentially a single frequency but also coherent, with the light waves all moving along in unison.Lasers inhabit of several components. A few of the many things that the so-called active sensitive might consist of are, atoms of a gas, molecules in a liquid, and ions in a crystal. Another component consists of some method of introducing energy into the active medium, much(prenominal) as a flash lamp for example. Another component is the pair of mirrors on either side of the active medium which consists of one that transmits some of the radiation that hits it. If the active component in the laser is a gas laser than each atom is characterized by a set of energy states, or energy levels, of which it may consist. An example of the energy states could be pictured as a unevenly spaced ladder which the higher rungs mean higher states of energy and the lower rungs mea n lower states of energy. If left disturbed for a long time the atom will reach its ground state or lowest state of energy. According to quantum mechanics there is only one light frequency that the atom will work with. thither are three ways that the atom can deal with the bearing of light either it can absorb the light, or spontaneous emission occurs, or stimulated emission occurs.

Inconsistency in The Character of Hamlet Essay -- GCSE Coursework Shak

Inconsistency in TheChar propeler of critical point The perfection of Hamlets character has been called in question - perhaps by those who do not understand it. The character of Hamlet stands by itself. It is not a character marked by strength of will or notwithstanding of passion, exclusively by refinement of gibibyteght and sen cartridge clipnt. Hamlet is as minuscule of the hero as a man can be. He is a young and princely novice, full of high enthusiasm and quick feeling - the sport of circumstances, questioning with fortune and refining on his own feelings, and squeeze from his natural disposition by the strangeness of his situation. Hamlet seems incapable of argue action, and is merely hurried into extremities on the spur of the occasion, when he has no time to reflect, as in the scene where he kills Polonius, and again, where he alters the letters which Rosencraus and Guildenstern ar taking with them to England, purporting his death. At other times, when he is most b ound to act, he remains puzzled, undecided, and skeptical, until the occasion is lost, and he finds some pretence to relapse into sloth and thoughtfulness again. For this reason he refuses to kill the King when he is at his prayers, and by a refinement in malice, which is in truth only an excuse for his own want of resolution, defers his revenge to a more shameful opportunity, when he will be engaged in some act that has no relish of salvation in it. Now might I do it pat now he is praying And now Ill do t - and so he goes to heaven And so am I revengd? - that would be scanned A villain kills my father and for that I, his sole son, do this same villain diffuse To heaven. O, this is hire and salary, not revenge ... Up sword and know thou a more horrid hent, Whe... ... explaining the cause of his alienation, which he hardly hope himself to think of. It would have taken him years to have come to a direct explanation on the point. In the harassed state of his mind, he could not ha ve done much other than what he did. His demeanour does not contradict what he says when he sees her funeral, I loved Ophelia cardinal thousand brothers Could not with all their quantity of love Make up my sum - Act v., sc. 1. In conclusion, Shakespeare has been accused of inconsistency with Hamlet only because he has kept up the distinction which there is in nature, between the understandings and the moral habits of men, between the absurdity of their ideas and the absurdity of their motives. Hamlet is not a fool, but he makes himself so. His folly, whether in his actions or speeches, comes under the category of impropriety of intention.

Defining a Hero Essay -- Mythology

To the world today, a sub is soulfulness distinguished by exceptional courage, nobility, or military capability only if really, anyone bunghole be a hero. A hero can vary from psyche as well-known as George Washington to someone as unheard of as anyones very own mother. soulfulness who has done a good deed for someone else is hero. The biggest heroes are the ones in well-known books and plays, such as Odysseus from The Odyssey, or have made a huge difference in the history of this world, like Mahatma Gandhi. Siddhartha Gautama is a hero, but not in the same way Odysseus or Gandhi are. Although these three potent people went through with(predicate) different trips in order to accomplish different things, they are all heroes in their own way and have been through the same cycle of the alley of trials and crisis/salvation.The word hero has several definitions. In Greek mythology, a hero was originally a demigod. A hero can be the principle character in a play, movie, novel, or poem. A hero can even simply mean someone who is discerned by outstanding courage, dignity, or power. Even though there a many another(prenominal) different types of heroes, they have all been through a journey with many obstacles that they had to overcome. The journey of a hero is one huge cycle, start at the home of the hero and ending at the same place, the home. at that place are two very important heads of journey cyclethe road of trials and crisis/salvation. The road of trials stage is basi clavery the obstacles the potential hero had to overcome. The crisis/salvation stage is the disaster that occurred and how the hero was saved from it. Odysseus faced many obstacles, and there were many crises that he underwent. The journey of Odysseus was mythological. He left his homeland of Ithaca to go champion in the Tro... ...without giving up in order to achieve their goals. And that is what you call a hero.Works CitedGandhi, Mohandas K. (1869-1948). King Institute Home.Stanf ord University.Web. 23 Feb. 2011. .Boeree, C. G. Siddhartha Gautama.My Webspace Files. 1999. Web. 23 Feb. 2011. .Homer, and Frederic Will. The Odyssey. newfound York Pocket, 2005. Print.Hooker, Richard. Siddhartha Gautama. Washington State University - Pullman, Washington. 1996. Web. 23 Feb. 2011. .Potpourri, Kamat. Gandhi A Biography. Kamats Potpourri -- The History, Mystery, and Diversity of India. 4 Jan. 2011. Web. 23 Feb. 2011. .