Social Issues

In the culture of South Asia, hijras (Hindi: ??????, Urdu: ?????, Bengali: ??????, Telugu: ?????) or khusra in Punjabi and kojja in Telugu are physiological potent persons who adopt womanish sex identity, womens clothing and other feminine gender roles. Hijras stock a long recorded history in the Indian subcontinent, from the Mughal empire period onwards. This history features a number of long-familiar roles indoors subcontinental cultures, part gender-liminal, part spiritual and part survival. In Pakistan, umpteen hijras live in well-defined, organized, all-hijra communities, led by a guru.[1][2] These communities take on sustained themselves over generations by adopting unfledged boys who are rejected by, or flee their family of origin.[3] Many micturate as young-begetting(prenominal) sex workers for survival.[4] The word hijra is Urdu, derived from the Arabic chill out hjr in its guts of leaving ones tribe,[5] and has been borrowed into Hindi. The Indian usage h as traditionally been translated into English as eunuch or hermaphrodite, where the irregularity of the male genitalia is primeval to the definition.[6] However, in general hijras are innate(p) with typically male physiology, only a few having been born(p) with male hermaphrodite variations.

[7] Historically, ceremonial initiation into the hijra community is say to have convolute removal of a boys penis, testicles and scrotum, without anesthetic, at or around puberty.[citation needed] However, fit to Mumbai health organization The Humsafar Trust, only eight somewhat percent of hijras tour their clinic are nirw aan (castrated).[citation needed] Since t! he late 20th century, some hijra activists and Western non-government organizations (NGOs) have been lobbying for official recognition of the hijra as a kind of three sex or third gender, as neither humans nor woman.[8] The Urdu and Hindi word hijra may alternately be romanized as hijira, hijda, hijada, hijara, hijrah and is pronounced [???d??a?]. This shape is generally considered disparaging in Urdu...If you want to get a full essay, erect it on our website: OrderCustomPaper.com

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